{ "schema": "theclaudetrader.research_packet.v1", "generated_at": "2026-10-31T18:13:02+00:00", "snapshot_date": "2026-10-31", "about": { "site": "The Claude Trader", "what_this_is": "Evidence-first research record built from SEC XBRL, SEC Form 4 and exchange prices. Deterministic rule scores with every input linked to its source. No recommendations. fair_value_model is a labelled model estimate from SEC filings, not a price target or recommendation (method: /fair-value).", "publishes": "Facts and their provenance only; no holdings, targets, estimates or recommendations.", "how_to_answer": [ "State the snapshot date and each score's data_as_of.", "Quote scores with their status: ok = complete; partial / insufficient = a test was excluded because an input was absent or older than 550 days. Repeat each warning beside the number it affects; a 'stale' warning means the input was used but is older than 120 days (price: 7 days).", "Cite the source URL for any number you repeat.", "Say what is missing; never present holdings or targets as this site's (it has none).", "If asked for a shortlist or portfolio: build it from the user's horizon, risk, benchmark, exclusions and limits; cite inputs, explain inclusion and thesis risks; label weights as your synthesis, distinct from these deterministic scores; no promised outperformance or invented expected returns." ] }, "company": { "ticker": "LIN", "name": "Linde Plc", "legal_name": "LINDE PLC", "cik": "0001707925", "exchange": "Nasdaq", "industry": "Industrial Inorganic Chemicals", "sic": "2810", "fiscal_year_end": "1231", "is_financial": false, "is_utility": false }, "price": { "value": 514.24, "as_of": "2026-10-30", "source": "Alpaca Market Data (consolidated SIP daily bar)", "url": "https://docs.alpaca.markets/docs/historical-stock-data-1" }, "market_cap": { "value": 236079242512.96, "as_of": "2026-10-30", "unit": "USD", "meaning": "price on the price date x latest reported point-in-time shares (see inputs.share_count_as_of)", "warning": null, "unavailable_reason": null, "inputs": { "traded_price": { "value": 514.24, "as_of": "2026-10-30", "unit": "USD per traded unit (share or ADS)", "source": "Alpaca Market Data (consolidated SIP daily bar)", "url": "https://docs.alpaca.markets/docs/historical-stock-data-1" }, "sec_shares_outstanding": { "value": 459083779.0, "unit": "underlying shares", "concept": "SEC cover page 10-Q 0001628280-26-068079 (459,083,779 shares (single class on cover)); filing document https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1707925/000162828026068079/lin-20260930.htm", "period_end": "2026-09-30", "accession": "0001628280-26-068079", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1707925/000162828026068079/R1.htm" }, "depositary_ratio": { "value": 1.0, "unit": "underlying shares per traded unit", "status": "domestic", "source": "10-K filer; SEC shares are the traded units", "evidence_url": null, "evidence_form": null, "evidence_filed": null, "body_snippet": null }, "formula": "market_value = traded_price (price date) / depositary_ratio x latest point-in-time SEC shares outstanding (share-count date shown; from the filing cover page, summed across share classes only where the issuer filing verifies the classes are economically equivalent (rule + evidence URL in the source text), else withheld; priced at the primary listed class, so where other classes trade at a different price the value is an approximation; restated only for issuer-verified splits after the count date); weighted-average share counts are never used", "split_adjustment": null, "share_count_as_of": "2026-09-30", "share_count_age_days_at_price_date": 30, "warning": null, "computed": "514.24 (price 2026-10-30) / 1 x 459,083,779 (shares at 2026-09-30) = 236,079,242,513" } }, "scores": { "graham": { "score": 35.0, "status": "partial: 5", "complete": false, "passes_all": false, "summary": "Graham Defensive: 35 of 100 (partial: 5). Adequate size: 33.99 revenue $B \u2192 5.0/5; Current ratio: 0.88 \u2192 0.0/15; Long-term debt vs working capital: None LTD / WC \u2192 0.0/15; Positive earnings each of 10 years: 10 of 10 \u2192 15.0/15; Dividends every year for 20 years: 20 of 20 \u2192 15.0/15; EPS growth, 3-yr avg now vs 10 yrs ago: insufficient (missing input); P/E on 3-year average EPS: 37.8 \u2192 0.0/15; P/B <= 1.5, or P/E x P/B <= 22.5: P/B 6.04, product 228.3 \u2192 0.0/10", "data_as_of": "2025-12-31", "history": [ "2016", "2025" ], "price_as_of": "2026-10-30", "coverage": null, "verification": { "verified": 11, "mismatch": 0, "unverified": 19, "not_cross_checked": 2 }, "warnings": [ "partial score: tests 5 could not be computed; not comparable with complete scores", "stale (warning, input still used): current-period inputs older than 120 days: Revenue, current_assets, current_liabilities, lt_debt, equity; inputs older than 550 days are excluded and make the test insufficient" ], "components": [ { "test": "1", "name": "Adequate size", "value": 33.99, "unit": "revenue $B", "threshold": ">= 1", "points": 5.0, "max": 5 }, { "test": "2a", "name": "Current ratio", "value": 0.88, "threshold": ">= 2.0", "points": 0.0, "max": 15 }, { "test": "2b", "name": "Long-term debt vs working capital", "value": null, "unit": "LTD / WC", "threshold": "<= 1.0", "points": 0.0, "max": 15, "note": "working capital not positive" }, { "test": "3", "name": "Positive earnings each of 10 years", "value": "10 of 10", "threshold": "10 of 10", "points": 15.0, "max": 15 }, { "test": "4", "name": "Dividends every year for 20 years", "value": "20 of 20", "threshold": "20 of 20", "points": 15.0, "max": 15, "missing_years": [], "cross_check": { "verified_years": [ 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 ], "mismatch_years": [], "unverified_years": [ 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 ] }, "note": null }, { "test": "5", "name": "EPS growth, 3-yr avg now vs 10 yrs ago", "value": null, "threshold": ">= +33%", "points": null, "max": 10, "missing_years": [ 2014, 2015 ] }, { "test": "6", "name": "P/E on 3-year average EPS", "value": 37.8, "threshold": "<= 15", "points": 0.0, "max": 15, "note": null }, { "test": "7", "name": "P/B <= 1.5, or P/E x P/B <= 22.5", "value": "P/B 6.04, product 228.3", "threshold": "<= 1.5 or <= 22.5", "points": 0.0, "max": 10 } ], "rules_url": "https://theclaudetrader.com/p/graham" }, "magic_formula": { "score": 29.0, "status": "ok", "complete": true, "passes_all": null, "summary": "Magic Formula: 29 of 100 (ok). Earnings yield (EBIT/EV): 3.62 % (rank 128); Return on capital (EBIT/(NWC+PPE)): 35.65 % (rank 117); Combined rank: 245 of 200", "data_as_of": "2025-12-31", "history": [ null, null ], "price_as_of": "2026-10-30", "coverage": null, "verification": null, "warnings": [ "stale (warning, input still used): current-period inputs older than 120 days: operating_income_q, operating_income_q, current_assets, current_liabilities, cash, ppe_net, debt_incl_current, debt_short; inputs older than 550 days are excluded and make the test insufficient" ], "components": [ { "name": "Earnings yield (EBIT/EV)", "value": 3.62, "unit": "%", "rank": 128, "note": "EBIT trailing twelve months; EV = market cap + debt (28,013,000,000) - cash" }, { "name": "Return on capital (EBIT/(NWC+PPE))", "value": 35.65, "unit": "%", "rank": 117, "note": "net working capital -1,951,000,000 used as reported" }, { "name": "Combined rank", "value": 245, "of": 200 } ], "rules_url": "https://theclaudetrader.com/p/magic_formula" }, "momentum": { "score": 66.8, "status": "ok", "complete": true, "passes_all": null, "summary": "Momentum: 67 of 100 (ok). 12-1 month return: 11.9 % \u2192 28.5/50; 6 month return: 3.3 % \u2192 9.4/20; Price / 52-week high: 0.944 \u2192 14.2/15; Volatility penalty (60d annualised): 14.9 % \u2192 14.8/15", "data_as_of": "2026-10-30", "history": [ null, null ], "price_as_of": "2026-10-30", "coverage": null, "verification": null, "warnings": [], "components": [ { "name": "12-1 month return", "value": 11.9, "unit": "%", "percentile": 56.9, "points": 28.5, "max": 50 }, { "name": "6 month return", "value": 3.3, "unit": "%", "percentile": 46.9, "points": 9.4, "max": 20 }, { "name": "Price / 52-week high", "value": 0.944, "points": 14.2, "max": 15 }, { "name": "Volatility penalty (60d annualised)", "value": 14.9, "unit": "%", "points": 14.8, "max": 15 } ], "rules_url": "https://theclaudetrader.com/p/momentum" }, "insider": { "score": 21.1, "status": "ok", "complete": true, "passes_all": null, "summary": "Insider: 21 of 100 (ok). Open-market buy value / market cap (percentile among buyers): 0.0 bp \u2192 3.0/35; Distinct buyers: 1 \u2192 6.2/25; Buyer seniority: 0.5 \u2192 10.0/20; Recency (half-life 30d): 0.18 \u2192 1.8/10; Sales penalty (excludes 10b5-1 plan sales): 0.0 bp \u2192 -0.0/0", "data_as_of": "2026-10-30", "history": [ null, null ], "price_as_of": null, "coverage": { "window_start": "2026-08-02", "through": "2026-10-30", "missing_days": 1, "note": "Form 4 data loaded through 2026-10-30" }, "verification": null, "warnings": [], "components": [ { "name": "Open-market buy value / market cap (percentile among buyers)", "value": 0.0, "unit": "bp", "points": 3.0, "max": 35 }, { "name": "Distinct buyers", "value": 1, "points": 6.2, "max": 25 }, { "name": "Buyer seniority", "value": 0.5, "points": 10.0, "max": 20 }, { "name": "Recency (half-life 30d)", "value": 0.18, "points": 1.8, "max": 10 }, { "name": "Sales penalty (excludes 10b5-1 plan sales)", "value": 0.0, "unit": "bp", "points": -0.0, "max": 0 } ], "rules_url": "https://theclaudetrader.com/p/insider" }, "buffett": { "score": 69.9, "status": "ok", "complete": true, "passes_all": false, "summary": "Buffett Quality: 70 of 100 (ok). Average return on equity (net income / year-end equity): 11.0% over 8 yrs \u2192 10.9/25; Profitable every year: 10 of 10 \u2192 15.0/15; Net income growth, 3-yr average now vs start of window: +15.6% a year \u2192 10.0/10; Borrowings / 3-yr average earnings (years to repay): 4.3 years \u2192 14.0/15; Operating margin, 5-yr average: 21.8% \u2192 10.0/10; Free cash flow / net income, 5-yr (operating cash flow minus capex): 1.01 \u2192 10.0/10; Owner-earnings yield (3-yr avg free cash flow / market cap): 2.2% \u2192 0.0/15", "data_as_of": "2026-06-30", "history": [ "2016", "2025" ], "price_as_of": "2026-10-30", "coverage": null, "verification": { "verified": 0, "mismatch": 0, "unverified": 48, "not_cross_checked": 2 }, "warnings": [ "stale (warning, input still used): current-period inputs older than 120 days: debt_incl_current, debt_short; inputs older than 550 days are excluded and make the test insufficient" ], "components": [ { "test": "1", "name": "Average return on equity (net income / year-end equity)", "value": "11.0% over 8 yrs", "threshold": ">= 15%", "points": 10.9, "max": 25 }, { "test": "2", "name": "Profitable every year", "value": "10 of 10", "threshold": "all years", "points": 15.0, "max": 15 }, { "test": "3", "name": "Net income growth, 3-yr average now vs start of window", "value": "+15.6% a year", "threshold": ">= +10%", "points": 10.0, "max": 10 }, { "test": "4", "name": "Borrowings / 3-yr average earnings (years to repay)", "value": 4.3, "threshold": "<= 4", "points": 14.0, "max": 15, "unit": "years", "note": "LongTermDebt (incl. current maturities) + short-term borrowings" }, { "test": "5", "name": "Operating margin, 5-yr average", "value": "21.8%", "threshold": ">= 20%", "points": 10.0, "max": 10 }, { "test": "6", "name": "Free cash flow / net income, 5-yr (operating cash flow minus capex)", "value": "1.01", "threshold": ">= 1.0", "points": 10.0, "max": 10 }, { "test": "7", "name": "Owner-earnings yield (3-yr avg free cash flow / market cap)", "value": "2.2%", "threshold": ">= 7%", "points": 0.0, "max": 15 } ], "rules_url": "https://theclaudetrader.com/p/buffett" }, "lynch": { "score": 72.6, "status": "ok", "complete": true, "passes_all": false, "summary": "Lynch GARP: 73 of 100 (ok). PEG: P/E divided by 5-yr EPS growth (in % points): 1.39 \u2192 18.4/30; EPS growth, 5-yr compound rate: +25.4% a year \u2192 20.0/20; P/E on latest annual EPS: 35.2 \u2192 3.2/10; Borrowings / equity: 0.72 \u2192 11.7/15; Years of the last 5 in which EPS rose: 5 of 5 \u2192 15.0/15; Net cash (cash minus borrowings) / market cap: -9.8% \u2192 4.3/10", "data_as_of": "2026-06-30", "history": [ "2020", "2025" ], "price_as_of": "2026-10-30", "coverage": null, "verification": { "verified": 0, "mismatch": 0, "unverified": 6, "not_cross_checked": 1 }, "warnings": [ "stale (warning, input still used): current-period inputs older than 120 days: debt_incl_current, debt_short, equity, cash; inputs older than 550 days are excluded and make the test insufficient" ], "components": [ { "test": "1", "name": "PEG: P/E divided by 5-yr EPS growth (in % points)", "value": 1.39, "threshold": "<= 1.0", "points": 18.4, "max": 30 }, { "test": "2", "name": "EPS growth, 5-yr compound rate", "value": "+25.4% a year", "threshold": "12% to 35% a year", "points": 20.0, "max": 20 }, { "test": "3", "name": "P/E on latest annual EPS", "value": 35.2, "threshold": "<= 25", "points": 3.2, "max": 10 }, { "test": "4", "name": "Borrowings / equity", "value": 0.72, "threshold": "<= 0.5", "points": 11.7, "max": 15, "note": "LongTermDebt (incl. current maturities) + short-term borrowings" }, { "test": "5", "name": "Years of the last 5 in which EPS rose", "value": "5 of 5", "threshold": "5 of 5", "points": 15.0, "max": 15 }, { "test": "6", "name": "Net cash (cash minus borrowings) / market cap", "value": "-9.8%", "threshold": ">= +10%", "points": 4.3, "max": 10 } ], "rules_url": "https://theclaudetrader.com/p/lynch" }, "graham_enterprising": { "score": 35.0, "status": "ok", "complete": true, "passes_all": false, "summary": "Graham Enterprising: 35 of 100 (ok). Current ratio: 0.88 \u2192 0.0/15; Borrowings vs working capital: None \u2192 0.0/15; No earnings deficit in the last 5 years: 5 of 5 profitable \u2192 15.0/15; Pays a current dividend: yes \u2192 10.0/10; EPS higher than five years earlier: 4.71 -> 14.61 \u2192 10.0/10; Price / book value per share: 6.04 \u2192 0.0/20; Price / net current asset value per share (current assets minus all liabilities): None \u2192 0.0/15", "data_as_of": "2026-06-30", "history": [ "2020", "2025" ], "price_as_of": "2026-10-30", "coverage": null, "verification": { "verified": 0, "mismatch": 0, "unverified": 10, "not_cross_checked": 3 }, "warnings": [ "stale (warning, input still used): current-period inputs older than 120 days: current_assets, current_liabilities, equity; inputs older than 550 days are excluded and make the test insufficient" ], "components": [ { "test": "1", "name": "Current ratio", "value": 0.88, "threshold": ">= 1.5", "points": 0.0, "max": 15 }, { "test": "2", "name": "Borrowings vs working capital", "value": null, "threshold": "<= 1.1x", "points": 0.0, "max": 15, "note": "working capital not positive" }, { "test": "3", "name": "No earnings deficit in the last 5 years", "value": "5 of 5 profitable", "threshold": "5 of 5", "points": 15.0, "max": 15 }, { "test": "4", "name": "Pays a current dividend", "value": "yes", "threshold": "yes", "points": 10.0, "max": 10 }, { "test": "5", "name": "EPS higher than five years earlier", "value": "4.71 -> 14.61", "threshold": "higher", "points": 10.0, "max": 10 }, { "test": "6", "name": "Price / book value per share", "value": 6.04, "threshold": "<= 1.2", "points": 0.0, "max": 20, "note": "book value used because intangibles are not separated in the dataset (Graham uses net tangible assets)" }, { "test": "7", "name": "Price / net current asset value per share (current assets minus all liabilities)", "value": null, "threshold": "<= 0.67", "points": 0.0, "max": 15, "note": "net current asset value not positive" } ], "rules_url": "https://theclaudetrader.com/p/graham_enterprising" }, "piotroski": { "score": 55.6, "status": "ok", "complete": true, "passes_all": false, "summary": "Piotroski F-Score: 56 of 100 (ok). Return on assets is positive: 7.9% \u2192 11.11111111111111/11.11111111111111; Operating cash flow is positive: 10,350M \u2192 11.11111111111111/11.11111111111111; Return on assets improved on the prior year: 8.2% -> 7.9% \u2192 0.0/11.11111111111111; Operating cash flow exceeds net income (accruals): 10,350M vs 6,898M \u2192 11.11111111111111/11.11111111111111; Long-term debt / assets fell: 19.1% -> 23.8% \u2192 0.0/11.11111111111111; Current ratio improved: 0.89 -> 0.88 \u2192 0.0/11.11111111111111; No new shares issued (share count did not rise): 467M -> 459M \u2192 11.11111111111111/11.11111111111111; Operating margin improved (stand-in for gross margin, which the dataset does not carry): 26.2% -> 26.3% \u2192 11.11111111111111/11.11111111111111; Asset turnover (revenue / assets) improved: 0.41 -> 0.39 \u2192 0.0/11.11111111111111", "data_as_of": null, "history": [ "2024", "2026" ], "price_as_of": null, "coverage": null, "verification": { "verified": 0, "mismatch": 0, "unverified": 27, "not_cross_checked": 0 }, "warnings": [], "components": [ { "test": "1", "name": "Return on assets is positive", "value": "7.9%", "threshold": "pass = 1", "points": 11.11111111111111, "max": 11.11111111111111 }, { "test": "2", "name": "Operating cash flow is positive", "value": "10,350M", "threshold": "pass = 1", "points": 11.11111111111111, "max": 11.11111111111111 }, { "test": "3", "name": "Return on assets improved on the prior year", "value": "8.2% -> 7.9%", "threshold": "pass = 1", "points": 0.0, "max": 11.11111111111111 }, { "test": "4", "name": "Operating cash flow exceeds net income (accruals)", "value": "10,350M vs 6,898M", "threshold": "pass = 1", "points": 11.11111111111111, "max": 11.11111111111111 }, { "test": "5", "name": "Long-term debt / assets fell", "value": "19.1% -> 23.8%", "threshold": "pass = 1", "points": 0.0, "max": 11.11111111111111 }, { "test": "6", "name": "Current ratio improved", "value": "0.89 -> 0.88", "threshold": "pass = 1", "points": 0.0, "max": 11.11111111111111 }, { "test": "7", "name": "No new shares issued (share count did not rise)", "value": "467M -> 459M", "threshold": "pass = 1", "points": 11.11111111111111, "max": 11.11111111111111 }, { "test": "8", "name": "Operating margin improved (stand-in for gross margin, which the dataset does not carry)", "value": "26.2% -> 26.3%", "threshold": "pass = 1", "points": 11.11111111111111, "max": 11.11111111111111 }, { "test": "9", "name": "Asset turnover (revenue / assets) improved", "value": "0.41 -> 0.39", "threshold": "pass = 1", "points": 0.0, "max": 11.11111111111111 } ], "rules_url": "https://theclaudetrader.com/p/piotroski" } }, "inputs_by_philosophy": { "graham": [ { "name": "Price (close, per traded unit)", "value": 514.24, "kind": "price", "source": "Alpaca Market Data (consolidated SIP daily bar)", "url": "https://docs.alpaca.markets/docs/historical-stock-data-1", "period": "2026-10-30", "age_days": 1, "stale": false }, { "name": "Revenue", "value": 33986000000.0, "kind": "current", "source": "SEC XBRL RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1707925/000162828026011430/", "period": "2025-12-31", "accession": "0001628280-26-011430", "fact_id": 25859239, "verified": "unverified", "age_days": 304, "stale": true }, { "name": "current_assets", "value": 14176000000.0, "kind": "current", "source": "SEC XBRL AssetsCurrent", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1707925/000162828026051289/", "period": "2026-06-30", "accession": "0001628280-26-051289", "fact_id": 25910506, "verified": "unverified", "age_days": 123, "stale": true }, { "name": "current_liabilities", "value": 16127000000.0, "kind": "current", "source": "SEC XBRL LiabilitiesCurrent", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1707925/000162828026051289/", "period": "2026-06-30", "accession": "0001628280-26-051289", "fact_id": 25937716, "verified": "unverified", "age_days": 123, "stale": true }, { "name": "lt_debt", "value": 20678000000.0, "kind": "current", "source": "SEC XBRL LongTermDebtNoncurrent", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1707925/000162828026051289/", "period": "2026-06-30", "accession": "0001628280-26-051289", "fact_id": 25987513, "verified": "unverified", "age_days": 123, "stale": true }, { "name": "equity", "value": 39081000000.0, "kind": "current", "source": "SEC XBRL StockholdersEquity", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1707925/000162828026051289/", "period": "2026-06-30", "accession": "0001628280-26-051289", "fact_id": 26072716, "verified": "unverified", "age_days": 123, "stale": true }, { "name": "Net income FY2016", "value": 1500000000.0, "kind": "history", "source": "SEC XBRL NetIncomeLoss", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1707925/000162828019003050/", "period": "2016-12-31", "accession": "0001628280-19-003050", "fact_id": 20692255, "verified": "unverified", "age_days": 3591 }, { "name": "Net income FY2017", "value": 1247000000.0, 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"https://finviz.com/quote.ashx?t=LIN", "stockanalysis": "https://stockanalysis.com/stocks/lin/", "seeking_alpha": "https://seekingalpha.com/symbol/LIN", "openinsider": "http://openinsider.com/search?q=LIN", "google_news": "https://news.google.com/rss/search?q=LIN+stock" }, "limits": [ "Graham Defensive: partial, missing tests 5", "News is not collected for this ticker; use the SEC 8-K and press-release links below" ], "machine_readable": { "stock_json": "https://theclaudetrader.com/s/LIN.json", "stock_md": "https://theclaudetrader.com/s/LIN.md", "packet": "https://theclaudetrader.com/r/LIN.json", "grid": "https://theclaudetrader.com/grid.json", "openapi": "https://theclaudetrader.com/openapi.json", "index": "https://theclaudetrader.com/llms.txt" }, "cite_as": "The Claude Trader snapshot 2026-10-31, https://theclaudetrader.com/s/LIN; data from SEC EDGAR XBRL and market prices (Alpaca Market Data, Yahoo Finance) to 2026-10-30.", "disclaimer": "Scores are deterministic rule outputs from public filings. fair_value_model is a labelled model estimate from the same filings (method at /fair-value), not an opinion or recommendation." }